Cumulocity environment

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Forward your IoT data to a Cumulocity environment.
Connect a Cumulocity environment
The following parameters are available to configure the Destination to your Cumulocity environment
Name (required) - the administrative name of your Destination.
Technical name: name
Example value: Tenant X
Description - an administrative description of your Destination.
Technical name: description
Example value: Tenant with Materieelbeheer application
Tenant (required) - base URL of your Cumulocity environment.
Technical name: tenant
Example value: https://x.kpnthings.com
Username (required, secret) - Username of the functional user that KPN Things should use to access your tenant.
Technical name: username
Example value: kpnthings
Password (required, secret) - Password of the functional user that KPN Things should use to acces your tenant.
Technical name: password
KPN Applications in tenant - List of applications the device should be associated with in the Cumulocity tenant.
Technical name: applications
Example value: ["ASSET_TRACKING"]
Available values: listed in the Applications section.
Custom fragments - List of additional custom fragments to add to the device object when it is created in Cumulocity.
Technical name: customFragments
Example value: c8y_CustomApplication
Send measurements? - Whether measurements should be sent.
Technical name: sendMeasurements
Boolean value
Send location update events? - Whether the location should be updated and location update event should be sent.
Technical name: sendLocationUpdateEvents
Boolean value
Bidirectional behavior - Choose whether the destination should process uplink data (data from Device to Application), downlink data (data from Application to Device) or both.
Technical name: bidirectionalBehaviour
Default value: ONLY_UPLINK
Available values:
ONLY_UPLINK - Only forward uplink data to Cumulocity.
ONLY_DOWNLINK - Only synchronize Cumulocity operations with Things downlinks.
BIDIRECTIONAL - Process both uplink and downlink data.
BIDIRECTIONAL_WITH_RETRY - Process both uplink and downlink data, and make sure downlinks are retried by KPN Things.
Managed Cumulocity credentials - Credentials of Cumulocity accounts expire after some time. Enabling this option will renew the password in time to prevent expiry.
Technical name: credentialManagementEnabled
Boolean value
A secret value is treated as a secret in our database and is therefor not returned in the API object response.
Applications
You can configure the Cumulocity Destination with one or more KPN Things Applications that can be installed in the Cumulocity tenant. The options are listed in the table below.
Name
Fragment
sendLocationUpdateEvents
sendMeasurements
Operations handling
ASSET_TRACKING
c8y_IsForAssetTracking
false
true
true
WASTE_CONTROL
kpn_IsWasteObject
false
true
false
ASSET_INSURANCE
c8y_IsForInsurance
true
false
true
If at least one configured application or the Destination configuration itself enables sendMeasurements or sendLocationUpdateEvents, the measurement or location update is send respectively.
Creating the user in Cumulocity
When you connect a Cumulocity Tenant to Data Management, you should enter a username and password for authentication to your Cumulocity Tenant. It is best practice to create a separate user account for this connection. This user should have the role business.
Screenshot of the most important settings when creating the user in Cumulocity
What does the connection do?
This section describes the functionality of the connection to Cumulocity.
Find or create device record
When IoT dat is about to be forwarded to Cumulocity, it will first try to find the device Managed Object using the base name from the SenML message. For this it looks for an external identifier of type DEVEUI and the base name as value. For instance:
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GET /identity/externalIds/DEVEUI/urn:dev:DEVEUI:0123456789012345:
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If such an external identifier does not exist, a new device Managed Object and the required external identifiers is created. This is called provisioning in runtime.
Create device record
KPN Things will create a device Managed Object if it did not exist. The device Managed Object will be created with the following information, using the device record that is known in the Data Management platform.
Additionally, the configured custom fragments (and fragments used for application association) are added to the object. In the example below, a device is created that had customFragment exampleFragment configured and application ASSET_TRACKING was configured as well.
createdDeviceRecord
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{
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  "name": "<device.name>",
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  "c8y_IsDevice": {},
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  "c8y_Metadata": {
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    "barcode": "<device.barcode>" /* If barcode is known */
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    "activatedNetworks": [ /* For each network the device is registered */
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      {
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        "networkStatus": "ACTIVE",
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        "networkType": "<device.network.networkType>",
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        "uuid": "<device.network.uuid>",
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        "devEUI": "<device.network.networkId>"
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      }
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    ]
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  },
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  "c8y_Hardware": {
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    "serialNumber": "<device.networkId>", /* SenML base name of primary network */
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    "model": "<device.deviceSpecification.model>"
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  },
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  "exampleFragment": {}, /* Configured custom fragment */
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  "c8y_IsForAssetTracking": {} /* Asset Tracking fragment */
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}
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Create external identifiers
Using the main network id an external identifier is created for the newly created device Managed Object.
Additionally, if a barcode is known present in the device object, another external identifier of type BARCODE is created as well.
Uplink: Send measurement
The following configurations are required to enable sending measurements:
1.Bidirectional behavior set to Only uplink or Bidirectional.
2.One of the following:
1.sendMeasurements should be enabled to enable this feature, or
2.An application should be selected that enables sending measurements.
After the device Managed Object is found or created, a measurement is added to this device of the type kpn_SenMLMeasurement. A full example can be found below.
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{
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  "time": "<from SenML bt>",
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  "type": "kpn_SenMLMeasurement",
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  "kpn_SenMLMeasurement": {
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    "<senml[0].n>": { (For all number and boolean measurements)
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      "unit": "<senml[0].u>",
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      "value": <senml[0].v>
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    },
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    "<senml[1].n>": {
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      "unit": "<senml[1].u>",
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      "value": <senml[1].v>
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    },
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	...
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  },
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  "kpn_SenMLMeasurement_data": { (for all string measurements)
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    "<senml[2].n>": "<senml[2].v>"
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  }
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}
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More information on SenML can be found on this page.
Uplink: Update location and send location update event
The following configurations are required to send location update events:
1.Bidirectional behavior set to Only uplink or Bidirectional.
2.One of the following:
1.sendLocationUpdateEvents should be enabled to enable this feature, or
2.An application should be selected that enables sending measurements.
If the measurement contains both latitude and longitude, the device Managed Object's c8y_Position value is updated with the newly calculated location. 
Also, it will create a c8y_LocationUpdate event on the device, according to the Cumulocity sensor library.
Example location update event
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{
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  "time": "2019-07-02T11:20:34.000Z",
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  "source": {
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    "id": "<device id>"
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  },
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  "text": "LocUpdate",
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  "type": "c8y_LocationUpdate",
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  "c8y_Position": {
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    "lat": 51.9072126,
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    "lng": 4.4893038,
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    "alt": 0.0,
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    "radius": 140.2
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  }
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}
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Downlink: Synchronize Cumulocity operations with Things downlinks
The following configurations are required to send location update events:
1.Bidirectional behavior set to Only downlink or Bidirectional.
2.An application should be selected that enables operations handling.
The Cumulocity destination will poll your Cumulocity environment for operations. When the destination finds a new operation, recognizable because its status is PENDING, a Downlink is created for the corresponding Device. 
To create the Downlink, the Cumulocity external ID is used to map to the correct Device in KPN Things. Additionally, the Cumulocity operation value deviceStatus is fetched, and put in a string value for the SenML downlink command mode.
When the operation has been picked up by KPN Things, we change the status to EXECUTING. When the downlink has finished, we will update the Cumulocity operation status to SUCCESSFUL or FAILED depending on whether the downlink was successful or not.
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Contents
Connect a Cumulocity environment
Applications
Creating the user in Cumulocity
What does the connection do?
Find or create device record
Uplink: Send measurement
Uplink: Update location and send location update event
Downlink: Synchronize Cumulocity operations with Things downlinks